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Daemons intended for public use can be set up to require payment
in the form of hashes in exchange for RPC service. This enables
public daemons to receive payment for their work over a large
number of calls. This system behaves similarly to a pool, so
payment takes the form of valid blocks every so often, yielding
a large one off payment, rather than constant micropayments.
This system can also be used by third parties as a "paywall"
layer, where users of a service can pay for use by mining Monero
to the service provider's address. An example of this for web
site access is Primo, a Monero mining based website "paywall":
https://github.com/selene-kovri/primo
This has some advantages:
- incentive to run a node providing RPC services, thereby promoting the availability of third party nodes for those who can't run their own
- incentive to run your own node instead of using a third party's, thereby promoting decentralization
- decentralized: payment is done between a client and server, with no third party needed
- private: since the system is "pay as you go", you don't need to identify yourself to claim a long lived balance
- no payment occurs on the blockchain, so there is no extra transactional load
- one may mine with a beefy server, and use those credits from a phone, by reusing the client ID (at the cost of some privacy)
- no barrier to entry: anyone may run a RPC node, and your expected revenue depends on how much work you do
- Sybil resistant: if you run 1000 idle RPC nodes, you don't magically get more revenue
- no large credit balance maintained on servers, so they have no incentive to exit scam
- you can use any/many node(s), since there's little cost in switching servers
- market based prices: competition between servers to lower costs
- incentive for a distributed third party node system: if some public nodes are overused/slow, traffic can move to others
- increases network security
- helps counteract mining pools' share of the network hash rate
- zero incentive for a payer to "double spend" since a reorg does not give any money back to the miner
And some disadvantages:
- low power clients will have difficulty mining (but one can optionally mine in advance and/or with a faster machine)
- payment is "random", so a server might go a long time without a block before getting one
- a public node's overall expected payment may be small
Public nodes are expected to compete to find a suitable level for
cost of service.
The daemon can be set up this way to require payment for RPC services:
monerod --rpc-payment-address 4xxxxxx \
--rpc-payment-credits 250 --rpc-payment-difficulty 1000
These values are an example only.
The --rpc-payment-difficulty switch selects how hard each "share" should
be, similar to a mining pool. The higher the difficulty, the fewer
shares a client will find.
The --rpc-payment-credits switch selects how many credits are awarded
for each share a client finds.
Considering both options, clients will be awarded credits/difficulty
credits for every hash they calculate. For example, in the command line
above, 0.25 credits per hash. A client mining at 100 H/s will therefore
get an average of 25 credits per second.
For reference, in the current implementation, a credit is enough to
sync 20 blocks, so a 100 H/s client that's just starting to use Monero
and uses this daemon will be able to sync 500 blocks per second.
The wallet can be set to automatically mine if connected to a daemon
which requires payment for RPC usage. It will try to keep a balance
of 50000 credits, stopping mining when it's at this level, and starting
again as credits are spent. With the example above, a new client will
mine this much credits in about half an hour, and this target is enough
to sync 500000 blocks (currently about a third of the monero blockchain).
There are three new settings in the wallet:
- credits-target: this is the amount of credits a wallet will try to
reach before stopping mining. The default of 0 means 50000 credits.
- auto-mine-for-rpc-payment-threshold: this controls the minimum
credit rate which the wallet considers worth mining for. If the
daemon credits less than this ratio, the wallet will consider mining
to be not worth it. In the example above, the rate is 0.25
- persistent-rpc-client-id: if set, this allows the wallet to reuse
a client id across runs. This means a public node can tell a wallet
that's connecting is the same as one that connected previously, but
allows a wallet to keep their credit balance from one run to the
other. Since the wallet only mines to keep a small credit balance,
this is not normally worth doing. However, someone may want to mine
on a fast server, and use that credit balance on a low power device
such as a phone. If left unset, a new client ID is generated at
each wallet start, for privacy reasons.
To mine and use a credit balance on two different devices, you can
use the --rpc-client-secret-key switch. A wallet's client secret key
can be found using the new rpc_payments command in the wallet.
Note: anyone knowing your RPC client secret key is able to use your
credit balance.
The wallet has a few new commands too:
- start_mining_for_rpc: start mining to acquire more credits,
regardless of the auto mining settings
- stop_mining_for_rpc: stop mining to acquire more credits
- rpc_payments: display information about current credits with
the currently selected daemon
The node has an extra command:
- rpc_payments: display information about clients and their
balances
The node will forget about any balance for clients which have
been inactive for 6 months. Balances carry over on node restart.
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Also fix part of the RPC results being returned as binary.
This makes the RPC backward incompatible.
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though not a very good test, but we don't have dust handy
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2ec455d wallet: fix mismatch between two concepts of 'balance' (moneromooo-monero)
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One considers the blockchain, while the other considers the
blockchain and some recent actions, such as a recently created
transaction which spend some outputs, but isn't yet mined.
Typically, the "balance" command wants the latter, to reflect
the recent action, but things like proving ownership wants
the former.
This fixes a crash in get_reserve_proof, where a preliminary
check and the main code used two concepts of "balance".
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ac0a229 Fix Android build in Docker (hyperreality)
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a12ca68 translations: add a ready file to control which translations to build (moneromooo-monero)
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Fixes issue with libtinfo5 being required by iconv1.15 but not installed
by default in latest Debian stable.
Tested with a fresh build of the Android image.
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1a93aa4 functional_tests: add get_fee_estimate to blockchain test (moneromooo-monero)
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0605406 daemon: sort alt chains by height (moneromooo-monero)
4228ee0 daemon: add optional arguments to alt_chain_info (moneromooo-monero)
880ebfd daemon: add more chain specific info in alt_chain_info (moneromooo-monero)
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Some translations are committed before they're ready to be used
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7d79222f daemon: remove debug info (moneromooo-monero)
8fec0f98 functional_tests: add sweep_single test (moneromooo-monero)
9880d61b wallet_rpc_server: remove unused code (moneromooo-monero)
8a61b33d rpc: omit irrelevant fields for pool txes in gettransactions (moneromooo-monero)
56508524 rpc: add relayed in get_transaction output (moneromooo-monero)
82e510f1 rpc: set default log category in core_rpc_server.h (moneromooo-monero)
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ccb996af rpc: new sanity check on relayed transactions (moneromooo-monero)
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This will weed out some transactions with silly rings
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Loading the same wallet as the currently loaded one would autosave
the current state after loading it, leading to some kind of rollback
effect. We now save before loading to avoid this. If loading fails,
it means the current wallet will be saved (or maybe not, depending
on where the failure occurs: most of the sanity checks occur before
saving). There is a new autosave_current flag to open/restore calls
so the (enabled by default) autosave can be skipped.
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to avoid the "python -i" part
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Also throw exceptions instead of print+exit, since that makes
the error print last, below the python stack trace, where it's
much less easy to miss it.
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get_transfer_by_txid, get_height, open/close
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Related to emission, reorgs, getting tx data back, output
distribution and histogram
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It allows one to connect to a running daemon or wallet, and use
its RPC API from python.
Usage: python -i console.py <port>
It will detect whether it's talking to a daemon or wallet and
initialize itself accordingly.
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cb3b4adb translations: update and sync all language files (erciccione)
dc0f618e utils: 'update-translations.sh' now removes obsolete strings (erciccione)
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b97059fc add erciccione's pgp key (erciccione)
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fead7eb Clarification of boolean options in config file (jonathancross)
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c256a248 Android dockerfile: add zmq dependency (MoroccanMalinois)
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Restart=always
PrivateTmp=true
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787ff011 add Mishi Choudhary's GPG key (Riccardo Spagni)
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monerod runs as user monero which does not have write
permissions for /var/run. Use systemd's RuntimeDirectory
feature to handle this.
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044c5b55 Readme: add android docker build instruction (MoroccanMalinois)
82836be4 Utils: Add dockerfile for android NDK build (MoroccanMalinois)
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Make monerod use a PID file and let systemd know where that file is.
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72deb484 updated fallback nodes (Riccardo Spagni)
33329f5b update version to 0.10.2 (Riccardo Spagni)
04a50a7e update checkpoints.dat (Riccardo Spagni)
c3599fa7 update copyright year, fix occasional lack of newline at line end (Riccardo Spagni)
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092f7c5 utils: add anonimal's GPG key (anonimal)
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b673830 Add NanoAkron's GPG key (NanoAkron)
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Signed-off-by: Jacob Brydolf <jacob@brydolf.net>
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Including in light of #977
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The system is mostly the Qt system, but we don't use Qt to avoid
the dependencies.
See README.i18n for details.
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Signed-off-by: Riccardo Spagni <ric@spagni.net>
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