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Faster throughput while avoiding corruption. I.e., makes
running with --db-sync-mode safe more tolerable.
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Since this queries block heights for blocks that may or may not
exist, queries for non existing blocks would throw an exception,
and that would slow down the loop a lot. 7 seconds to go through
a 30 hash list.
Fix this by adding an optional return block height to block_exists
and using this instead. Actual errors will still throw an
exception.
This also cuts down on log exception spam.
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Since these are needed at the same time as the output pubkeys,
this is a whole lot faster, and takes less space. Only outputs
of 0 amount store the commitment. When reading other outputs,
a fake commitment is regenerated on the fly. This avoids having
to rewrite the database to add space for fake commitments for
existing outputs.
This code relies on two things:
- LMDB must support fixed size records per key, rather than
per database (ie, all records on key 0 are the same size, all
records for non 0 keys are same size, but records from key 0
and non 0 keys do have different sizes).
- the commitment must be directly after the rest of the data
in outkey and output_data_t.
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It's not really needed, it used to be an optimization for when
that code was not using the db and needed to recalculate things
fast on startup.
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This is a list of existing output amounts along with the number
of outputs of that amount in the blockchain.
The daemon command takes:
- no parameters: all outputs with at least 3 instances
- one parameter: all outputs with at least that many instances
- two parameters: all outputs within that many instances
The default starts at 3 to avoid massive spamming of all dust
outputs in the blockchain, and is the current minimum mixin
requirement.
An optional vector of amounts may be passed, to request
histogram only for those outputs.
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and all other associated IPC
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Could wrap more later.
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Delete the hf tables, so the next open will rescan and regenerate
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Remove trailing whitespace in same files.
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Early DB versions did not store key images for inputs if the
transaction spending them had no outputs (ie, all fee). This
is not correct, as this would allow these outputs to be double
spent. This was fixed in 533acc30eda7792c802ea8b6417917fa99b8bc2b
a few months ago, but databases having synced blocks 2021612 and
685498 with a faulty version will be missing those key images
in the spent keys database. This code checks for this, and adds
those key images if they are missing.
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git history's here if needed to get any of this back
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There will be a delay on first load of an existing blockchain
as it gets reparsed for this state data.
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It was only used by the older blockchain_storage.
We also move the code to the calling blockchain level, to avoid
replicating the code in every DB implementation. This also makes
the get_random_out method obsolete, and we delete it.
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Bockchain:
1. Optim: Multi-thread long-hash computation when encountering groups of blocks.
2. Optim: Cache verified txs and return result from cache instead of re-checking whenever possible.
3. Optim: Preload output-keys when encoutering groups of blocks. Sort by amount and global-index before bulk querying database and multi-thread when possible.
4. Optim: Disable double spend check on block verification, double spend is already detected when trying to add blocks.
5. Optim: Multi-thread signature computation whenever possible.
6. Patch: Disable locking (recursive mutex) on called functions from check_tx_inputs which causes slowdowns (only seems to happen on ubuntu/VMs??? Reason: TBD)
7. Optim: Removed looped full-tx hash computation when retrieving transactions from pool (???).
8. Optim: Cache difficulty/timestamps (735 blocks) for next-difficulty calculations so that only 2 db reads per new block is needed when a new block arrives (instead of 1470 reads).
Berkeley-DB:
1. Fix: 32-bit data errors causing wrong output global indices and failure to send blocks to peers (etc).
2. Fix: Unable to pop blocks on reorganize due to transaction errors.
3. Patch: Large number of transaction aborts when running multi-threaded bulk queries.
4. Patch: Insufficient locks error when running full sync.
5. Patch: Incorrect db stats when returning from an immediate exit from "pop block" operation.
6. Optim: Add bulk queries to get output global indices.
7. Optim: Modified output_keys table to store public_key+unlock_time+height for single transaction lookup (vs 3)
8. Optim: Used output_keys table retrieve public_keys instead of going through output_amounts->output_txs+output_indices->txs->output:public_key
9. Optim: Added thread-safe buffers used when multi-threading bulk queries.
10. Optim: Added support for nosync/write_nosync options for improved performance (*see --db-sync-mode option for details)
11. Mod: Added checkpoint thread and auto-remove-logs option.
12. *Now usable on 32-bit systems like RPI2.
LMDB:
1. Optim: Added custom comparison for 256-bit key tables (minor speed-up, TBD: get actual effect)
2. Optim: Modified output_keys table to store public_key+unlock_time+height for single transaction lookup (vs 3)
3. Optim: Used output_keys table retrieve public_keys instead of going through output_amounts->output_txs+output_indices->txs->output:public_key
4. Optim: Added support for sync/writemap options for improved performance (*see --db-sync-mode option for details)
5. Mod: Auto resize to +1GB instead of multiplier x1.5
ETC:
1. Minor optimizations for slow-hash for ARM (RPI2). Incomplete.
2. Fix: 32-bit saturation bug when computing next difficulty on large blocks.
[PENDING ISSUES]
1. Berkely db has a very slow "pop-block" operation. This is very noticeable on the RPI2 as it sometimes takes > 10 MINUTES to pop a block during reorganization.
This does not happen very often however, most reorgs seem to take a few seconds but it possibly depends on the number of outputs present. TBD.
2. Berkeley db, possible bug "unable to allocate memory". TBD.
[NEW OPTIONS] (*Currently all enabled for testing purposes)
1. --fast-block-sync arg=[0:1] (default: 1)
a. 0 = Compute long hash per block (may take a while depending on CPU)
b. 1 = Skip long-hash and verify blocks based on embedded known good block hashes (faster, minimal CPU dependence)
2. --db-sync-mode arg=[[safe|fast|fastest]:[sync|async]:[nblocks_per_sync]] (default: fastest:async:1000)
a. safe = fdatasync/fsync (or equivalent) per stored block. Very slow, but safest option to protect against power-out/crash conditions.
b. fast/fastest = Enables asynchronous fdatasync/fsync (or equivalent). Useful for battery operated devices or STABLE systems with UPS and/or systems with battery backed write cache/solid state cache.
Fast - Write meta-data but defer data flush.
Fastest - Defer meta-data and data flush.
Sync - Flush data after nblocks_per_sync and wait.
Async - Flush data after nblocks_per_sync but do not wait for the operation to finish.
3. --prep-blocks-threads arg=[n] (default: 4 or system max threads, whichever is lower)
Max number of threads to use when computing long-hash in groups.
4. --show-time-stats arg=[0:1] (default: 1)
Show benchmark related time stats.
5. --db-auto-remove-logs arg=[0:1] (default: 1)
For berkeley-db only. Auto remove logs if enabled.
**Note: lmdb and berkeley-db have changes to the tables and are not compatible with official git head version.
At the moment, you need a full resync to use this optimized version.
[PERFORMANCE COMPARISON]
**Some figures are approximations only.
Using a baseline machine of an i7-2600K+SSD+(with full pow computation):
1. The optimized lmdb/blockhain core can process blocks up to 585K for ~1.25 hours + download time, so it usually takes 2.5 hours to sync the full chain.
2. The current head with memory can process blocks up to 585K for ~4.2 hours + download time, so it usually takes 5.5 hours to sync the full chain.
3. The current head with lmdb can process blocks up to 585K for ~32 hours + download time and usually takes 36 hours to sync the full chain.
Averate procesing times (with full pow computation):
lmdb-optimized:
1. tx_ave = 2.5 ms / tx
2. block_ave = 5.87 ms / block
memory-official-repo:
1. tx_ave = 8.85 ms / tx
2. block_ave = 19.68 ms / block
lmdb-official-repo (0f4a036437fd41a5498ee5e74e2422ea6177aa3e)
1. tx_ave = 47.8 ms / tx
2. block_ave = 64.2 ms / block
**Note: The following data denotes processing times only (does not include p2p download time)
lmdb-optimized processing times (with full pow computation):
1. Desktop, Quad-core / 8-threads 2600k (8Mb) - 1.25 hours processing time (--db-sync-mode=fastest:async:1000).
2. Laptop, Dual-core / 4-threads U4200 (3Mb) - 4.90 hours processing time (--db-sync-mode=fastest:async:1000).
3. Embedded, Quad-core / 4-threads Z3735F (2x1Mb) - 12.0 hours processing time (--db-sync-mode=fastest:async:1000).
lmdb-optimized processing times (with per-block-checkpoint)
1. Desktop, Quad-core / 8-threads 2600k (8Mb) - 10 minutes processing time (--db-sync-mode=fastest:async:1000).
berkeley-db optimized processing times (with full pow computation)
1. Desktop, Quad-core / 8-threads 2600k (8Mb) - 1.8 hours processing time (--db-sync-mode=fastest:async:1000).
2. RPI2. Improved from estimated 3 months(???) into 2.5 days (*Need 2AMP supply + Clock:1Ghz + [usb+ssd] to achieve this speed) (--db-sync-mode=fastest:async:1000).
berkeley-db optimized processing times (with per-block-checkpoint)
1. RPI2. 12-15 hours (*Need 2AMP supply + Clock:1Ghz + [usb+ssd] to achieve this speed) (--db-sync-mode=fastest:async:1000).
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This will assist in a DB resize check.
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There will need to be some more refactoring for these changes to be
considered complete/correct, but for now it's working.
new daemon cli argument "--db-type", works for LMDB and BerkeleyDB.
A good deal of refactoring is also present in this commit, namely
Blockchain no longer instantiates BlockchainDB, but rather is passed a
pointer to an already-instantiated BlockchainDB on init().
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Everything except actually *using* BlockchainBDB is wired up, but the db
itself is not yet working. Some error about user mem not large enough.
I think I know what this error means, but I can't determine the cause.
Notes: BerkeleyDB does not allow 0-indexing in its recno type databases,
so block numbers *in the database* will be 1-indexed. Modifications
to indexing have been made as needed.
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LMDB implementation code copy/paste/modified into the Berkeley DB
implementation. Need to test if it builds, then if it works, and so on,
but the code is all there.
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Basically verbatim copy of LMDB implementation, but with the guts ripped
out and includes changed, etc.
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Add support to:
- BlockchainDB, BlockchainLMDB
- blockchain_import utility to open LMDB database with one or more
LMDB flags.
Sample use:
$ blockchain_import --database lmdb#nosync
$ blockchain_import --database lmdb#nosync,nometasync
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In order to make things more general, BlockchainDB now has get_db_name()
which should return a string with the "name" of that type of db.
This "name" will be the subfolder name that holds that db type's files
within the monero folder.
Small bugfix: blockchain_converter was not correctly appending this in
the prior hard-coded-string implementation of the subfolder data
directory concept.
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Ostensibly janitorial work, but should be more relevant later down the
line. Things that depend on core cryptonote things (i.e.
cryptonote_core) don't necessarily depend on BlockchainDB and thus
have no need to have BlockchainDB baked in with them.
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BlockchainLMDB::add_block()
BlockchainLMDB::add_transaction_data()
BlockchainDB::add_transaction()
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Complete method BlockchainLMDB::remove_output()
- use output index as the key for:
m_output_indices, m_output_txs, m_output_keys
- call new method BlockchainLMDB::remove_amount_output_index()
Add method to remove amount output index.
- BlockchainLMDB::remove_amount_output_index()
- for m_output_amounts
This also fixes the segfault when blockchain reorganization is
attempted.
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Fix Blockchain::get_tx_outputs_gindexs() to return amount output
indices.
Implement BlockchainLMDB::get_tx_amount_output_indices() and call it
from the function instead of BlockchainLMDB::get_tx_output_indices()
Previously, Blockchain::get_tx_outputs_gindexs() was instead returning
global output indices, which are internal to LMDB databases.
Allows bitmonerod RPC /get_o_indexes.bin to return the amount output
indices as expected.
Allows simplewallet refresh to set correct amount output indices for
incoming transfers. simplewallet can now construct and send valid
transactions (currently only without mixins).
This is a fix that doesn't require altering the structure of the
current LMDB databases.
TODO:
This can be done more efficiently by adding another LMDB database
(key-value table).
It's not used during regular transaction validation by bitmonerod. I
think it's currently used only or mainly by simplewallet for just its
own incoming transactions. So the current behavior is not a primary
bottleneck.
Currently, it's using the "output_amounts" database, walking through a
given amount's list of values, comparing each one to a given global
output index. The iteration number of the match is the desired result:
the amount output index. This is done for each global output index of
the transaction.
A tx's amount output indices can be stored in various other ways
allowing for faster lookup. Since a tx is only written once, there are
no special future write requirements for its list of indices.
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Thanks to moneromooo-monero for spotting the bug.
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Minor bugfixes in block removal
Storing outputs outside their transactions is largely unnecessary, and
thus has been removed.
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All of the functionality for the LMDB implementation of BlockchainDB is
implemented, but only what is in tests/unit_tests/BlockchainDB.cpp has
been tested. This is basically add a block, see if you can get the
block and a tx from the block. More tests should be added at some
point.
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Still needs testing (and need to write a few more unit tests), but
everything should be there. Lots of unfortunate duplication,
but...well, I can't see a way around it using LMDB.
A couple of other minor changes in this commit, only slightly relevant.
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The rest should just be tedious copypasta and modification.
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